*聽(tīng)力讓許多同學(xué)是怕了又怕,就連英語(yǔ)成績(jī)不錯(cuò)的同學(xué)們也表示做起來(lái)有壓力,那么怎么才能攻克聽(tīng)力這個(gè)難關(guān)呢?
一、*聽(tīng)力試題主要涵蓋了下列四大題型
1. 聽(tīng)句子或?qū)υ?huà)選圖
2. 聽(tīng)問(wèn)句選答語(yǔ)
3. 聽(tīng)小對(duì)話(huà)回答問(wèn)題
4. 聽(tīng)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白回答問(wèn)題
二、聽(tīng)力的話(huà)題
問(wèn)候、邀請(qǐng)、看病、約會(huì)、購(gòu)物、問(wèn)路、打電話(huà)、談?wù)撎鞖?、?xún)問(wèn)時(shí)間等,測(cè)試內(nèi)容大致可分為:時(shí)間和數(shù)碼、地點(diǎn)和動(dòng)向、價(jià)格和數(shù)量、人物和事件、情景和背景等。在復(fù)習(xí)階段聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練中,同學(xué)們應(yīng)該對(duì)以上提到的試題類(lèi)型做到心中有數(shù),同時(shí),應(yīng)該在平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練中明白自己的軟肋在哪里,并有針對(duì)性地采取補(bǔ)救措施。
三、解題方法
首先,聽(tīng)力理解的語(yǔ)言材料有別于閱讀材料,語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)不如書(shū)面語(yǔ)言嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),較接近我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械目谡Z(yǔ)表達(dá),有猶豫、停頓、重復(fù)、思考、重音、略 音、拖長(zhǎng)音、被打斷、語(yǔ)序顛倒等現(xiàn)象,句子簡(jiǎn)短,但內(nèi)涵信息多。同學(xué)們回答聽(tīng)力試題時(shí),除了聽(tīng)力涉及內(nèi)容外,要特別注意說(shuō)話(huà)人的語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)氣、語(yǔ)調(diào)等方面包 含的信息。那么,聽(tīng)力的技巧是什么呢?
同學(xué)們記住16個(gè)字:穩(wěn)定情緒,集中精力,預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容,審清題意。
同學(xué)們應(yīng)有一個(gè)良好的精神狀態(tài),在聽(tīng)的時(shí)候必須鎮(zhèn)定自信,全神貫注,以積極向上的心理準(zhǔn)備,盡快進(jìn)入答題狀態(tài)。并且,同學(xué)們應(yīng)盡量利用"試卷分發(fā)"到"播放試音樂(lè)曲和試音材料"之間的時(shí)間,及時(shí)、迅速地閱讀題目(題干和選項(xiàng)),并畫(huà)出問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵詞,根據(jù)題目中所包含的信息來(lái)比較推測(cè)對(duì)話(huà)的內(nèi)容, 帶著問(wèn)題去聽(tīng),有重點(diǎn)地去聽(tīng)。
1. 聽(tīng)句子或?qū)υ?huà)選圖:對(duì)于這部分題,其實(shí)處理很簡(jiǎn)單,同學(xué)們不用擔(dān)心句子的難易,只要捉住關(guān)鍵詞,就可以選出正確的答案。
2. 聽(tīng)問(wèn)句選答語(yǔ):同學(xué)們聽(tīng)懂疑問(wèn)詞或助動(dòng)詞就可以了,通過(guò)這個(gè)詞來(lái)判斷句子的類(lèi)型、問(wèn)句的類(lèi)型以及判斷句子的時(shí)態(tài)。
例如:
A.Yes,I can. B.Yes,I am。
C.Sorry,I don’t know. D.I can do it。
聽(tīng)力稿為:Can you count from one to a hundred?
析:此題只聽(tīng)清了"Can you"兩個(gè)詞就可斷定這是一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句,要用"Yes"或"No"回答,再根據(jù)can這個(gè)詞,可斷定要選A項(xiàng)。
再如:
A. In 1991. B. Since 1991. C. Very often。
聽(tīng)力稿為:How long have you been away from China?
析:此題只聽(tīng)清How long…?就可以了,因?yàn)閷?duì)How long…?的回答只有兩種,一個(gè)是For+時(shí)間段,其次是Since+時(shí)間段。至于In+年,提問(wèn)應(yīng)該是When…?對(duì)于Very Often的提問(wèn),通常是How often…?
3. 聽(tīng)小對(duì)話(huà)回答問(wèn)題:對(duì)于這部分題,同學(xué)們要著重看答語(yǔ),然后在問(wèn)題上畫(huà)出關(guān)鍵詞,看看是問(wèn)的man還是woman,然后再聽(tīng)。通常會(huì)問(wèn)到的問(wèn)題如下:
(1)考具體事實(shí)和信息。如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、價(jià)錢(qián)、數(shù)量、原因、目的、結(jié)果等,有時(shí)還要對(duì)聽(tīng)到的信息做加工處理,如數(shù)字運(yùn)算、時(shí)間順序、比較篩選、同義轉(zhuǎn)換、因果關(guān)系等。 常見(jiàn)細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題有:
Where has sb. been?
What time will they meet?
What will the weather be like tomorrow?
Who will be in the sports meeting?
What is wrong with…?
Why can not…?
How long will she keep the book?
How far is it from here to the bookshop?
How many people are mentioned in the passage?
How much are all the things?
(2)推測(cè)談話(huà)背景,判斷人物身份。要求同學(xué)們理解對(duì)話(huà)地點(diǎn)、背景和對(duì)話(huà)者之間的關(guān)系。常見(jiàn)的考查背景的問(wèn)題有:
Who are the two speakers?
What is the relationship between the two speakers?
Which sport will the boy maybe win?
Where are the two speakers?
Where are they?
