今天為大家推送的是四六級,一起來看看吧!英語四六級語法(46)比較過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時 1)過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強調動作;現(xiàn)在完成時為過去發(fā)生的,強調過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響,強調的是影響。 2)過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用,而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。 一般過去時的時間狀語: yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語 共同的時間狀語: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately 現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不確定的時間狀語 3)現(xiàn)在完成時可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài),動詞一般是延續(xù)性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 過去時常用的非持續(xù)性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 舉例: I saw this film yesterday. 全部倒裝 全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動詞全部置于主語之前。此結構通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。常見的結構有: 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置于句首,謂語表示運動的動詞。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意:上述全部倒裝的句型結構的主語必須是名詞,如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。 Here he comes.Away they went. (強調看的動作發(fā)生過了。) I have seen this film. (強調對現(xiàn)在的影響,電影的內容已經知道了。) Why did you get up so early? (強調起床的動作已發(fā)生過了。) Who hasn't handed in his paper? (強調有卷子,可能為不公平競爭。) She has returned from Paris. 她已從巴黎回來了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回來了。 He has been in the League for three years. (在團內的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)) He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù)) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入團,joined為短暫行為。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for. 句子中如有過去時的時間副詞(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時,不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時,要用過去時。 (錯)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (對)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.